Punching-machine



A. SPEAR.

` PuNcmNG MACHINE.

APPUCATIN FILED FEB|15| 1918.

1,382,940,` PatentedJune 1921.

SSHEETS-S T2. K+' @La 7 1 7 A. SPEAR.

PUNCHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILI-:D FEB. I5. IsIa.

Patented .111116 28, 1921.

\ fag/ZW' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR SPEAK, 0F CHICiAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO ARCIIER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION PUNCHING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 28, 1921.

l Application led February 15, 1918. Serial No.- 217,405.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ARTHUR SPEAK, citizenof the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Punching-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

My invention relates to punching machines, some features of the invention being of particular service when employed in a nut castellating machine that includes a punch for forming castellating slots in nuts. One feature of my invention resides in providing a swinging holder for the nut or other work that is to be operated upon and a die positioned at one limit of travel of the holder to be engaged by the nut or other work upon the holder preparatory to a mlnching operation.

Another feature of my invention resides v4in the provision of mechanism positioned to have turning engagement with or effect upon a nut upon the nut holder to prepare the nut for a new punching operation. In a nut castellating machine of my invention the punchis mounted so to move with reference to the nut holder as to enter the bore of a nut that is upon the holder in the initiation of the engagement of the punch with the nut, the metal that is removed from the nut to form a nut castellating slot being finally separated at the exterior of the nut instead of at the interior of the nut so that the resulting burs are upon the outside of the nut to be far removed from the threaded bore of the nut whereby such burs do not interfere with the threaded engagement of the nut and the bolt upon which the nut is placed.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention the nut holder is inclined with respect to the punch to accomplish this result and to enable me to use a straight punch of ordinary formation. Where the nut or work holder is swingingly mounted I providev a die positioned at one limit of-travel of the holder to be engaged by the work upon the holder preparatory to la punching operation. A spring is preferably employed for normally maintaining the holder removed from said die and in engagement with a stop at the other limit of travel of the holder. Where the Work holder is inclined with respect to the punch the bottoms of the nut castellating slots slope outwardly and toward unslotted ends of the nuts whereby these slotsmay be of standard depth at the bores of the nuts and of greatest depth at the outside of the nuts. This formatlon of these lslots makesv the cotter pin receiving holes in the bolts upon which the castellated nuts are threaded more accessible to the cotter pins and also permits, where it is desirable, the employment of cotter pins that do not project beyond the nuts inasmuch as the bifurcated tails of the cotter pins and the circular heads thereof may be disposed in the planes of the slots which taper sufficiently to accommodate the ends of the pins. These results are obtained without decreasf ing the extent of the threading of the bores of the nuts.

A prominent characteristic of my invention resides in the employment of two members for positioning an object or objects to be punched, these members being movable one toward the other and one being preferably spring pressed toward the other. This spring pressed member may be the aforesaid swinging holder 12 or a plurality of such holders together forming such member and -tion of the punches thereon.

I will explain my invention more fully by reference to the accompanying drawings showing the preferred embodiment thereof and in which Figure 1 is a front view, partially in section, of a machineconstructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a view taken generally on line 2--2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view taken generally on line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing the punching mechanism in a lower position; big. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the punching mechanism in a Still further depressed position; Fig. 6 is a View of a part of a bolt and part of a nut in section with one arrangement of cotter pin; Fig. 7 is a view illustrating a nut in section, part of a bolt in elevation, and another arrangement' of cotter pin; Fig. 8 Vis a plan acters of reference throughout the different figures.

The nut which is castellated by the preferred form of machine of my inventlon 1s illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9 inclusive andforms the subject matter of my co-pending ap lication filed of even date herewith.

he bolt partial-ly illustrated in these n figures includes a. shank 1. The nut 2 has a threaded bore, the threads of which receive t-he threads upon the shank of the bolt. The

nut is shown as having six radial slots 3 at its upper end, these slots extending clear from the bore of the nut to the exterior thereof. The bottoms 4 of these slots slope voutwardly toward the lower or unslotted end of the nut whereby the slots are t. ered, being deepest at their outer ends. hen the nut has been screwed home or approximately home a pair of diametrically alined slots are brought into alinement with the hole 5 formed diametrically through the boltshank 1 at the sloping bottoms of the slots whereafter a cotter pin may readily be passed through the hole 5 and the slots v3 in alinement therewith. The cotter pin 6 shown in Figs. 7 and 8 has its head and bifurcated end disposed in a plane transverse to the plane that contains the alined slots that receive the pin and in this arrangement the ends of the pin project beyond the nut. Where it is not desirable to have the ends of the pin project beyond the. nut the shorter pin is employed which is disposed in the plane of the alined A,slots 3 receiving the pin as illustrated in Fig. 6. The head of the pin is readily accommodated in one of these slots and the spread apart ends of the pin are readily accommodated in the other one of these slots due to the sloping formation of the bottoms of the slots.

lVhen the invention is embodied in the construction illustrated in the drawings a number of straight punches 7 may be mounted to reciprocate vertically by being secured to the vertically reciprocating punch head 8 by means of the set screws 9. Dies 10, complemental to the punches, have their openings in vertical alinement with said punches, these dies being removably mounted upon a. base 11. There is a nut holder 12 individual to each die and the punch complemental to such die, thesenut holders being mounted to turn upon the pin 13 that passes transversely through the holders and A is carried by the base 11. They are preferably in the form of shafts entering the bores of the nuts and upon which the nuts may turn. These nut holders are inclined with respect to the punches to enable the punches to enter the bores of the nuts that are upon the holders in the initiation of the engagementof the punches with the nuts, the die structure holding the work holder inclined with respect tothe punch when punchinfr. The dies 10 are positloned at thelower limit of travel of the nut holders to be engaged by the nuts upon the holders preparatory to a punching operation, Fig. 1() illustrating the conclusion of a punching operation, this figure showing a bit 'of metal 14 which has become dislodged from a nut 2%` to form a radial castellating slot in the nut that is operated u on by the punch shown in this figure. stop 15 is common to all of the nut holders, this stop beinO' stationarily mounted upon the base 11. Springs 17 o crate through plungers 18 to engage t e under sides of the nut holders to normally maintain the nut holders at the upper limit of their travel, the stop 15 preferably serving to maintain the holders at their upper limit of movement by engaging the nuts that are upon these holders. The stop 15 then,

also holds the nuts from rotating. If there are no nuts upon the holders the springs 17 force the holders against the noses 19 upon the base 11.V y

By the construction thus far specifically described it will be observed that the nuts or other work are spaced apart from the dies and are brought into working engagement with the dies by the punches as these punches near the lower limits of their travel, the removal of metal from the nuts occurring after the nuts have been 4engaged by the punches with the dies. return strokes the punches are stripped from the nuts, the stop 15 holding the nuts and the nut holders so that they cannot follow the punches beyond the position defined by said stop. It will be observed that the punches enter the bores of the nuts whereby any burs which may be formed in the punching operation are located upon the exterior of the nuts, being thus absent at the bores of the nut-s to prevent them from marring the threads in the bores of the nuts. 011e slot 3 is formed in each nut upon each downward movement of the punches. I therefore turn the nuts upon the nut holders after each punching operation so that new parts of the nuts may be. presented to the punches and dies. By the mechanism illustrated six On the outward or.l

nected with the punch operating mechanism to be actuated thereby when the punches are being advanced toward the nuts. This pawl mechanism desirably includes 4a plate 20 having pawl formations or noses 21, each pawl formation 21 beingindivldual to a nut to turn the same. The plate 20 moves transversely of the nut holders and is provided with cam slots 22 through which cam pins 23 are passed, these pins being stationarily mounted upon the base l1. When the plate 20 is moved to the left the pawl formations 21 thereon simultaneously cause' all of the nuts upon the various nut holders to turn counter-clockwise for the purposeof presenting new portions of the nuts to the punches and dies. After the nuts have been thus turned the pla-te will be moved to the right to occupy its initial position. Moreover, during the forward and restoring` movements of the pawl plate 20, some portion of each nut is always in engagement with the stop plate 15. This engagement, although permitting slight reverse rotation of the nuts on restoring movement of the pawl plate 20, so limits this reverse rotation as to make it negligible, the nuts coming to their previously adjusted positions upon sufiicient restoring movement of the pawl plate due to the restoration of the nut holders 12 (which are slightly depressed upon the negligible rotation of the nuts) to their uppermost positions. This action of the holders upon the nuts is due to the fact that the corners of the nuts that engage the stop plate in thenegligible reverse rotation of the nuts. do not pass beyond the vertical lines that include the centers of the nuts so that when the nuts are upwardly pressed the rotation thereof to their previously adjusted positions -is forced. These movements of the plates are desirably effected by means of the punch actuating mechanism and to this end I desirably attach a depending cam plate 25 to the punch head. This cam plate has a cam slot 26 formed therethrough through which slot a cam pin 27 projects to be actuated by said cam plate. The cam pin 27 projects rearwardly from the upper end of a swinging bar 28 that is pivotally connected at 29 with the base 11. A cam pin 30 projects forwardly from the bar 28 and passes freely through the arcal slot 31 in the base 11. The forward end of the pin 30 is operatively engaged with the plate 20 by passing through and engaging the sides of the elongated slot 32 formed in said plate.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 3, 4 and 5, it `will be observed that when the punches are being lowered the swinging bar 28 is moved to the left owing to the engagement of the pin 27 with the cam slot 26 and that said bar 28, by carrying with it the pin 30, causes the pawl plate 20 to move to the left to enable the pawls 21 to turn the nuts upon their holders. l Fig. 5 shows the plate advanced to its farthest position toward the left and in which position the nuts are fully turned to present new places for the operation of the punches and dies thereupon. While the pawl plate 20 is in the position illustrated Yin Fig. 5 the lower side vof this pawl plate engages the tops of the nuts positively to prevent these nuts from shifting their positions upon their holderswhereby the parts of the nuts to be operated upon b y the punches and dies are accurately positioned. The punches move farther downwardly from the position shown in Fig. 5 to the position shown in Fig. 10 and in their downward movement turn the nut holders to the positions illustrated in Fig. 1() in which the nuts are engaged with the dies 10 to enable the punches to form castellating slots in the nuts. When the punches are withdrawn they are cleared from the nuts as has been specified and in this withdrawing movement the pin 27 is again brought to its normal position in the bottom of the cam slot 26 and in being brought to this position the pawl plate is moved to the right to bring the pawl noses 21 nearly into engagement with new parts of the nuts preparatory to succeeding turning movements of the nuts which the pawl plate is to effect.

From all the foregoing it will be seen that there are two object engaging members for holding a plurality of objects therebetween, one of these object engaging members being formed in relatively movable sections which are desirably in the form of the swinging nut holding shafts 12 when the machine is constructed to castellate nuts., These sections, by bein relatively movable, permit nuts of di erent sizes to be geld vbetween both object engaging memers.

A row of objects is held between these object engaging members, there being means.l acting along the holding members, for ef-y fecting relative movement between such row of objects and the holding member 20 having the pawl formations 2l for the purpose of turning the objects to present new parts thereof to the unches.

The nut holding sections 12 are capable of permitting the presentation of nuts of different sizes in proper relation to the nut engaging member 1() which maintains the nuts in proper position while being operated upon by the punches. The pawl plate 2O then constitutes an object actuating member movable along the other members having formations thereon for engaging the nuts or objects in the row thereof engaged by these members 12 and 20 to turn the nuts to present new portions to the punches.

While I have herein shown and particularly described the preferred embodiment of my invention I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction shown as changes may readily be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of my invention, but having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent the following 1. A nut castellating machine including a punch; a swinging nut holder inclined wlth respect to the punch to enable the punch to enter the boreof a nut that is upon the holder in the initiation of the engagement ofgthe punch withc the nut; a die positioned at one limit of travel of the nut holder to be engaged by the nut upon the holder preparatory to a punching operation; a stop that defines the other limit of travel of the nut holder; and a spring for normally maintaining the nut holder at said stop.

2. A nut castellating machine including a punch; a swinging nut holder inclined with respect to the punch to enable the punch to enter the bore of a nut that is upon the holder in the initiation of the enga ment of the punch with the nut; a die posltioned at one limit of travel of thenut holder to be engaged by the nut upon the holder preparatory to a. punching o eration; and a stop that defines the other imit of travel of the ,nut holder.

3. A nut castellating machine including a punch.; a swinging nut holder inclined with respect to the punch to enable the punch to enter the bore of a nut that is upon the holder in the initiation of the engagement of the punch with the nut; and a die positioned at one limit of travel of the nut holder to be engaged by the nut upon the holder preparatory -to a punching operation.

4. A nut castellating machine including a punch; and a nut holder inclined with respect to the punch to enable the punch to enter the bore of a nut that is upon the holder in the initiation of the engagement o-f the punch with the nut.

5. A punching machine including a punch; a. swinging work holder; a die positioned at one limit of travel of the work holder to be engaged by the work which with its holder is held by the die inclined with respect to the punch for the punching operation, the holder serving normally to position the work to have it engaged by the punch in the 4operating movement of the punch to move the work into engagement with the die; a stop that defines the other limit of travel of the work holder; and a springY for normally maintaining the work holder at said stop.

6. A punching machine including a punch; a swinging work holder; a die positioned at one limit of travel ofthe work holder to be engaged by the work which with its holder is held by the die inclined with respect to the punch for the punching operation, the holder serving normally to position the work to have it engaged b the punch in the 'operating .movement o the punch to move the work into engagement with the die; and a stop that defines the other limit of travelof the work holder.

7. A punching machine including a punch; a swinging work holder; and a die positioned at one limit of travel of the work holder to be engaged by the work which with its holder is held by the die inclined with respect to the punch for the punching operation, the holder serving normally to position the work to have it engaged by the punch in the operating movement of the punch to move the work into engagement with the die.

8. A punching machine including a punch; a swinging work holder; and a die positioned at one limit of travel of the work, holder to be engaged by the work which with its holder is held by the die for the punching operation, the holder serving normally to position the work to have it engaged by the punch in the operating movement of the punch to move the work engagement With the die.

9. A nu't castellating machine including a much; a swinging nut holder inclined wlth respect to the punch to enable the punch to enter the bore of a nut that is upon the holder in the initiation of the engagement of the punch with the nut; a die positioned at one limit of travel of the nut holder to be engaged by the nut upon the holder preparatory to a punching operation; and a stop that defines the other limit of travel of the nut holder and positioned to engage the nut upon the holder to prevent the nut from turning.

10. A nut castellating machine including a holder in the form of a shaft entering the bore of the nut'to be castellated and upon which the nut may be turned; a punch; and pawl mechanismpositioned tohave turning engagement with a nut upon the shaft.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this twelfth day of February,

ARTHUR SPEAR.

into 

